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My notes
Proof that Pi is Irrational
The Gregory-Leibniz Series
The Wallis Product
Ramanujan's Formula for Pi
Computing Pi in C
Proof: Let a n=∫ 0 π/2 (sinx) ndx.
Since 0 ≤sinx≤1 for 0 ≤x≤π/2 it follows that a n is a decreasing sequence.
Integrating by parts,
Thus a n=(n−1 )a n−2 −(n−1 )a n, that is a n=n−1 na n−2 .
We have that a 0 =π/2 and a 1 =1 . Applying the recurrence relation yields
and
Since a n is a decreasing sequence,
Therefore as n→∞, the ratio a 2 na 2 n+1 →1 , hence